Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Galactocele is a rare form of cystic, benign lesion of the breast, occurring when a mammary duct becomes obstructed and over filled with milk. It usually appears in postpartum women, either lactating or not, but it is extremely rarely seen in postmenopausal women or in men.Subject: We present the case of a 37-year-old female patient, nullipara, diagnosed with a microprolactinoma 18 months ago, and treated with bromocriptine since then (7.5 ...

Introduction: Left hepatic lobe volume (LHLV) has been associated with hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance in obese women.Aim: To study the correlation between LHLV and body weight, regardless the weight and gender of the patient.Subjects and methods: The left hepatic lobe was evaluated with an echographic probe of 3.5 MHz. The LHLV (cm3) was calculated with the formula: antero-posterior diameter (length)×longit...

Aim: To re-evaluate the prevalence of autoimmune associations in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT).Subjects and methods: The study was performed on 469 consecutive patients with HT and 536 without. The diagnosis of HT was based on an antithyroperoxydase antibodies (ATPO) level above 34 IU/ml. The subjects were evaluated for other associated immune diseases. The statistical analysis used the χ2 test.Results: F...

Background: Primary aldosteronism is associated with increased vascular mortality and morbidity.Aims: We aimed to assess metabolic and hormonal profile differences in patients with primary aldosteronism (PA) compared with patients with essential hypertension (EH).Patients and methods: Thirty-one patients (11 M/20 F) with primary aldosteronism, aged 46.2±12.9 years and 64 patients (24 M/40 F) with essential hypertension, aged 4...

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease associated with an increased risk of fracture, despite normal or increased bone mineral density (BMD), especially type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Trabecular bone score (TBS) is an imaging investigation that measures the grayscale variations on the lumbar spine performed on the DXA machine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the determinants associated with low BMD and TBS in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes melli...

Introduction: Sox2 is a widely expressed marker of progenitor and stem cells in various organs, strongly expressed within Rathke’s pouch and the neural ectoderm. It exerts a critical role in the early stages of pituitary development but it is still expressed in the adult gland. Sox2 expression in pituitary adenomas and its possible correlation with clinicopathologic characteristics have not been investigated so far.Aim: To evaluate the immunohistoch...

BackgroundFluid balance in patients with diabetes insipidus and COVID-19 is very fragile. The prevalence of hyponatraemia in patients with pneumonia due to COVID-19 seems to be low, but in patients admitted to intensive care units (ICU) is high (up to 20.5%). In contrast, hypernatraemia may also develop in COVID-19 patients in ICU (up to 3.7% of cases), due to insensible water losses from pyrexia, increased respiration rate and use of diuretics. Both hyp...

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected health systems all over the world, putting on a hold medical care and delaying surgical interventions. Patients with pituitary tumors, especially those who associate hormonal hypersecretion or defficiency and mass effects represent a management challenge even in a non-pandemic time.Case descriptionA 41 years old, non-smoker, overweight, male patient...

BackgroundIt has been well recognized that grade heterogenity exists within well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (WD-NETs). Targeted therapy plays an important role in metastatic disease control.Case presentationWe present the case of a 58-year-old male patient who was diagnosed with a pulmonary tumor on computer tomography (CT) and underwent a posterobasal left lobectomy. On immunohistochemical staining...

Introduction: Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is an aggressive neuroendocrine tumor derived from C cells that is responsible for approximately 5% of the gland malignancies, most of them occuring sporadically. Lymph node metastasis may occur early in disease pathogenesis and is one of the most important negative prognostic factor. Surgery is the only curative therapy while other chemotherapeutic options are limited. Neuroendocrine differentiated C cells may express somatostat...