Endocrine Abstracts

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting 7–18% of women of reproductive age, according to different criteria. Metabolic disturbances related to PCOS include dyslipidemia, obesity, and insulin resistance (IR) and women with PCOS have higher prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes mellitus in comparison with weight-matched women without the syndrome. Evidence indicates that regular practice of physical activity improves ...

Background: We compared body composition parameters in older HIV-positive individuals on stable antiretroviral therapy to age-matched HIV-seronegative individuals to assess whether differences in body composition parameters persist in the era of potent antiretroviral therapy.Methods: Inclusion criteria to the ageing HIV cohort required subjects to be >40 years old and be on stable antiretroviral therapy for >6 months. Only subjects with undetecta...

Context: The economic and logistic burden of screening for hypopituitarism following moderate/severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is considerable. Published guidelines suggest prioritisation for screening of patients with symptoms of pituitary dysfunction.Objective: To evaluate the implementation of targeted symptom-based screening for hypopituitarism after moderate/severe TBI, compared with routine consecutive screening.Design: Gr...

Seventy percent of women bearing PCOS are obese; adiponectin and TNFα, as obesity markers, have a dual role in the sensitivity and action of insulin. Adiponectin (insulin sensitising) decreases, whereas, TNFα, IL6 (negative regulators of insulin pathway) increases in obese-women. Moreover, TNFα decreases the transcript and protein levels of adiponectin. These changes could affect the normal energetic status in endometrium, tissue that exhibits abnormal insulin s...

Background: Fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1) gene controls the fatty acid metabolism pathway in the human body (Sergeant et al., 2012). Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in FADS1 gene and percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids inserum lipids was associated (Klingel et al., 2018). Genetically predisposition to higher plasma arachidonic and stearic acid levels were associated with incidence oflarge-artery stroke and venous thromboembolism...

Introduction: Demographic factors such as place of residence, urbanization grade and family background are considered to be associated with overweight and obesity in children. Our study investigates differences in obesity prevalence and related characteristics in children from urban, semi-urban, and rural areas, and in children from complete and incomplete families. The study is part of the fifth round of World Health Organization Europe’s Childhood Obesity Surveillance ...

Introduction: Studies suggest that disturbed thyroid hormones (TH) homeostasis may lead to increased cancer risk. However, the exact role of TH in cancerogenesis is unknown. We have previously identified 15 genes linked with TH signaling in 7 cancer types and 10.967 cancer patients. Here, we investigated the influence of hypothyroidism on the expression of these 15 genes in rat tissues/organs from which the previously identified, TH-related cancer types originate.<p class=...

Background and aim: Obesity (Ob) is tightly associated with metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes (DT2) andinsulin resistance (IR). Furthermore, obesity has been identified as one of the primary causes of mood disorders (MDs) including depression. Several studies have demonstrated the link between Ob, adiposity, neuroinflammation and MDs. The Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and its regulator, the non-coding RNA BDNF antisense RNA (BDNFas), play an import...

Osteoporosis is defined as low bone mineral density and/or poor bone microarchitecture associated with increased risk of fractures. This chronic disease mainly affects postmenopausal women, but also older men, being increasingly considered as an age-related morbidity. Chronic glucocorticoid therapy and diabetes mellitus are also concomittant causes of osteopenia in aging subjects. The fact that osteoporosis-related fractures accompany the increased life span imposes a major ch...

We have studied clinical and pre-clinical models to investigate neuroendocrine tumour (NET) development and efficacy of novel therapy for NETs. We focused on multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1), an autosomal dominantly inherited condition characterised by the combined occurrence of pancreatic islet and anterior pituitary NETs with parathyroid and adrenocortical tumours. MEN1 is due to MEN1 gene mutations that inactivate Menin, a tumour suppressor. Our clinical studies r...