Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Several recent studies have reported an increase in the incidence of thyroid cancer during the last decades. The delineation between low-risk and high-risk tumor size is not well defined. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the primary tumor size of differentiated thyroid cancer and clinicopathologic data.Methods: We have analysed all records of all patients submitted to thyroidectomy at our hospital between 2...

Introduction: Purpose of this research was the study of peculiarities of early diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) manifestations in patients with diabetes mellitus depending on diabetes manifestation age, indicators of antibody level of S100B.Description of methods: Sixty-two patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) at the age of 21.4 to 75.2 (the average age was 47.7±14.1 years) including 34 males (54.8%) and 28 females (45.2%) with longevity of DM m...

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a heterogeneous neoplasm with an incompletely understood pathogenesis and an unsatisfactory prognosis. However, international initiatives like the European Network for the Study of Adrenal Tumours (ENSAT) and international trial consortia recently led to improved diagnosis and treatment. Activated signalling pathways primarily involved in adrenal development like IGF2, SF1, and β-catenin pathways play also a key role in the ACC developmen...

There are increasing numbers of long-term survivors from breast cancer who will have received combination endocrine treatments alone or in addition to cytotoxic chemotherapy. As a result, many of these individuals are at increased risk of osteoporosis, largely because of the endocrine changes induced by treatment characterised by a reduction in the level of bioavailable oestradiol. The associated increase in bone turnover that accompanies cancer treatment induced bone loss (CT...

Testosterone in serum may be unbound (free), or bound to either sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) or albumin. Consequently, ‘total’ serum testosterone analysis may be misleading in situations where binding protein concentrations are abnormal. Current methods for estimating the biologically active (bio-available) serum testosterone concentration involve physical separation of testosterone fractions and are not amenable to high-throughput analysis. The use of automat...

Supervised 72 h fast is historically the gold standard screen for spontaneous hypoglycaemia. Consensus guidelines published in 2009 suggested that β-hydroxy-butyrate levels be measured every 6 h, and the glucose response to an i.v. injection of glucagon be assessed at the time of documented hypoglycaemia, or at the end of the 72 h fast. We incorporated these recommendations into our protocol, and here examine the results of the first 10 cases.A rise...

Background: Mortality and morbidity after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remain high even when myocardial reperfusion is successful. Thus, additional approaches are warranted. Erythropoietin (EPO) was found to be a cytoprotective molecule that might represent a novel strategy to limit the infarct size.Aim of the work: To investigate serum erythropoietin level and its relation to infarct size in Egyptian patients with AMI.Methods...

In humans Growth Hormone Receptor (GHR) transcripts exist in two isoforms, the full-length (GHRfl) or exon 3 deletion isoform (GHRd3). Individuals with the GHRd3 isoform are associated with an increased response to recombinant human GH. The d3/fl-GHR polymorphism does not influence adult height. However, an association with the d3/fl-GHR polymorphism has been found with antenatal growth especially in small for gestational age (SGA) infants. H...

Background: Standards of penile and clitoral lengths are useful for diagnosis of genital abnormalities. Micropenis could be the only sign in pituitary/hypothalamic dysfunction while clitoromegaly may reflect abnormalities of neonatal and maternal origin. Ambiguous genitalia if missed at birth could be fatal especially in cases of congenital adrenal hyperplasia. There are no African reports on normal reference ranges of both penile and clitoral sizes. This study aimed to genera...

Malaria is commoner amongst pregnant than non-pregnant women in Nigeria and is associated with a significant risk of having a low birth weight (LBW) baby which increases later risk of disease, in particular hypertensive heart disease in this population.We have established a birth cohort in Nigeria and in this study; we aimed to identify possible biomarkers in maternal and/or cord blood related to birth size on the background of malarial status in pregnan...