Endocrine Abstracts

The tumor microenvironment (TME) includes diverse cellular components such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and immune cells. MSC are a subset of heterogeneous cell populations characterized by the expression of CD105, CD73, and CD90 that can differentiate into chondrocytes, osteoblasts, and adipocytes in vitro. They are known to have immunomodulatory capabilities. Our aim was to isolate and characterize the immunomodulatory capabilities of MSC from pituitary tumors (P...

Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) are rare neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) that arise in the adrenal medulla and paraganglia, respectively. As occurs in the rest of NENs, PPGLs commonly present a high density of somatostatin receptors (SSTs) on their membrane. However, unlike in most NENs, somatostatin analogues (SSAs) do not represent a suitable therapeutic target in PPGLs, and the mechanisms underlying this mismatch are still unclear. In this study, we aim to iden...

Context: Glucocorticoid-induced adrenal insufficiency is the most frequent type of adrenal insufficiency, but its symptomatology has not been thoroughly studied.Objective: To describe the predominant symptoms experienced by patients with glucocorticoid-induced adrenal insufficiency and rate these symptoms’ significance for patients’ perceived need for supplemental hydrocortisone stress dose.Methods: The 80 symptoms in the...

Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGL) are infrequent neuroendocrine neoplasms, which develop metastases or aggressive behaviour in 25 % patients. They can be classified into three clusters according to their molecular features; nevertheless, these differences may not stratify patients according to their prognosis. The dysregulation of the splicing process has emerged as a novel feature shared by most cancers, which is associated with an aggressive phenotype in several tu...

Background and Objective: Semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1a) receptor agonist, reduces the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). An oral version of semaglutide is now available, and patients may prefer it to the subcutaneous form. Our objective was to compare the effectiveness and safety of both formulations in real life.Methods: Retrospective real-world efficacy analysis including aGLP1-...

Introduction: PBMAH is an heterogeneous disease from the clinical, hormonal, and morphological point of view. ARMC5 inactivating mutations have been reported as a cause of PBMAH. PDE11A4 variants have been associated with PBMAH and NR3C1 variants with bilateral adrenal incidentalomas.Aim: To analyse the frequency of ARMC5 pathogenic mutations and PDE11A4 and NR3C1 variants in PBMAH patients.<p cla...

Objective: Study of the efficacy of SSA in the biochemical and tumour control and the relation between the T2-weighted MRI signal intensity and the response to SSA.Material and methods: 16 patients with GH-secreting pituitary adenomas (7♂/9♀) that received primary or pre-operative treatment with SSA. We classified them according to baseline T2-weighted MRI sequences as Hypo-intense (Ha) and No-Hypo-intense adenomas (no-Ha). Results expressed ...

Introduction: Although the most common causes of hyperprolactinemia are prolactinoma and iatrogenic, another possible cause is severe primary hypothyroidism, in which the increase of prolactin is a cause of pituitary stimulation by TRH, and can be presented with pituitary hyperplasia.Case report: A 31-year-old woman who comes to endocrinology clinic for hyperprolactinemia, which was detected by symptoms of amenorrhea–galactorrhea. After normal pregn...

Introduction: Allergy is an uncommon side-effect of insulin treatment in which desensitization represents an alternative when initial approaches are not effective. Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is an even more rare disease that generally has a successful response to corticosteroids. The case of a 50-year-old diabetic man who developed both processes sequentially is presented.Case report: The patient was admitted for acute diabetes mellitus (DM) decompens...

Introduction: Primary bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia (PBMAH) are benign adrenocortical disease responsible for benign tumors and cortisol autonomous secretion. There is a broad spectrum of clinical, imaging and hormonal presentations. Aberrant membrane receptor expression is frequent, the most characteristic example being the food dependent Cushing syndrome due to ectopic expression of the GIP receptor (GIP-R). In 20 to 25 % of these patients, inactivating heterozy...