Endocrine Abstracts

Thyroid physiology demonstrates certain specificity during pregnancy. Due to the increased thyroid hormone formation, observed in the course of gestation, the requirements for dietary iodine increase substantially – according to the current recommendations – to 250 μg/day (but <500 μg/day). Therefore, additional iodine supplementation is advised at the level of 150 μg/day to be administered to every pregnant (and lactating) woman. Thyroid hyperstim...

The hyperprolactinemic disorder is a syndrome of prolactin hypersecretion. The syndrome is more prevalent in women than in men, but lately accidence of the syndrome disease tends to increase in men. Hyperprolactinemic disorder mostly affects men at the age range 40–59 years. Patients at the physician’s consultation have following complaints: erectile dysfunction, infertility, libido reduction, rarely gynecomastia.Sixteen patients were examined ...

Site-discordance in bone mineral density (BMD) assessment is common and affects patient categorization. Greater number of osteoporotic sites correlates with lower T score at each index site. The effect of BMD measurement at the contralateral femur on osteoporosis diagnosis has been previously evaluated.The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of BMD measurement at the contralateral femur on osteoporosis diagnosis.M...

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare and heterogeneous malignancy with incompletely understood pathogenesis and poor prognosis. Recent data from the German ACC Registry (n=377) demonstrate an overall 5-year survival of 46%. Survival is clearly stage-dependent (P<0.01) with a 5-year survival of 85% in stage 1, 56% in stage 2, 42% in stage 3, and 16% in stage 4, respectively.In stages I –III open surgery by an expert surgeon aimi...

Objectives: To analyse the outcome of 100 consecutive patients treated for thyrotoxicosis by total thyroidectomy, and compare the efficacy of this treatment modality to I131 therapy and thionamide therapy.Design: Data collected prospectively from a tertiary referral multidisciplinary thyroid clinic on 100 consecutive patients operated on for thyrotoxicosis by one thyroid surgeon. Patient demographics, reasons for selection of surgical treatmen...

Primary hyperparathyroidism has an overall incidence of 25 per 100,000 of the UK population but may be present in 1 in 500 or more women over the age of 45. Surgery is the treatment of choice in symptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT). Selected patients with asymptomatic hyperparathyroidism may also benefit from parathyroidectomy.Traditionally, parathyroidectomy has been based on a collar incision coupled with bilateral cervical neck exploration. ...

Thyroid nodules and goitre are a common problem, with a very high prevalence evident from screening studies of the general population. In contrast, thyroid cancer is rare accounting for <1% of all new malignancies diagnosed in England and Wales each year. The challenge to the clinician is therefore to identify, amongst the large number of patients referred because of thyroid enlargement, the small proportion thyroid neoplasia. This differentiation is critical since most wit...

(i)Background (i): Treatment of Graves' disease involves a choice of several methods such as medical treatment, radioactive iodine and surgery. However, primary treatment of this condition remains controversial and shows considerable geographical variations worldwide.(i)Objective (i): In this study we examined the rate of complete remission (without relapse), relapse and complications of the different treatment modalities (carbimazole, radioactive iodine and subtotal thyro...

Erectile failure is a common yet often neglected complication of diabetes that may have a significant negative effect on quality of life and diabetes self-care. I would initially try to ensure a good ascertainment rate of the problem in men attending the diabetes service. I would encourage, though usually fail to persuade men to attend with their partners. I would ascertain the exact nature of the problem, the likely cause, the importance of the problem to the man, the nature ...

Although there are many phenotypes of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), we are mainly talking about three phenotypes: metabolic, hyperandrogenic and reproductive phenotype. Obesity and insulin resistance are the major determinants of the metabolic heterogeneity of patients with PCOS. Certain degree of hepatic insulin resistance exists in PCOS irrespective of obesity. In non-obese PCOS preserved insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues exists. The presence of obesity is of g...