Endocrine Abstracts

Actuality: Currently, there is no doubt about the negative effect of diabetes mellitus (DM) on the state of the central nervous system. One of the pathological manifestations are anatomical changes in the brain, which in turn can lead to the development of functional disorders and cognitive decline. Conducting imaging research methods allows us to assess the presence or absence of brain atrophy at an early stage.The aim: To identify the relationship betw...

The goal was to study neuroplasticity in patients with diabetes mellitus using neuroimaging techniques. We examined 80 patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2. All were conducted general clinical examination, neuropsychological testing - MoCa test, test 12 words. All patients underwent continuous glycemic monitoring and HbA1c assessment. An MRI study was also performed on Siemens 1.5 T, the protocol included a standard examination of the brain, a proton spectroscopy, and ...

IntroductionMultiple myeloma is a haematological malignancy arising from plasma cells. It accounts for 10% of all haematological malignancies. Myeloma usually occurs in people over the age of 65, however, we have noted an increase occurrence of people with a younger age.Case ReportA 68 year old male, with background of hypertension and right total hip replacement, was referred to the outpatient haematology; a...

Craniopharyngiomas are rare, benign tumors, typically found in childhood or early adulthood, that can cause a wide range of symptoms such as visual impairment, headaches, nausea and endocrine disturbances. Ewing sarcoma, on the other hand, is a rare and aggressive tumor that arise from primitive neuroectodermal cells and represents about 10% of all pediatric osseous primary tumors. We present the case of a 14-year-old patient who was admitted to our clinic in March 2022 for ob...

IntroductionChromosome 18p deletion syndrome is a rare chromosomal abnormality caused by the complete or partial delation of the short arm of chromosome 18, represented by facial dysmorphic features, hypodontia, microcephaly, short webbed neck, intellectual disability, reproductive system dysplasia, rarely with autoimmune disorders and IgA, IgG or IgM deficiency. A small subset of patients, approximately 9–10% have cardiac/brain disorders. Circa 150...

BackgroundSecondary hyperparathyroidism is a condition that can occur as a result of low vitamin D level. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) has the role of stimulating bone resorption by two mechanisms: direct activation of osteoblasts and indirect stimulation of osteoclast. Exostosis or bone spur is a benign tumor that consists in overgrowth of a pre-existing bone. Exostoses can affect any bone, however they are most commonly located on the bones of the joints ...

In recent years, plasma homocysteine (Hcy) level, has been reported to be associated with the vascular complications of diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2). In patients with DM2, elevated Hcy levels were associated with insulin resistance and nephropathy. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of hyperhomocysteinaemia with micro and macrovascular complications, increased levels of HbA1c and lipid parameters in patients with DM2 in a Macedonian population. 80 DM2 p...

A 59-year-old lady presented with Cushing’s syndrome in 1991. Hormone testing revealed that it was due to ectopic secretion of ACTH. However, even after a comprehensive diagnostic workup, the source of ACTH secretion was not found. Since the symptoms (arterial hypertension and diabetes) were not successfully controlled with drugs, bilateral adrenalectomy was performed and the patient was put on hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone. The patient was then followed annually in ...

Background: Adrenal insufficiency (AI) in pregnant women is difficult to manage because of similarity between clinics of decompensation of AI and gestational toxicosis. Objective difficulty is absence of clinical guidelines of management of pregnant patients with AI. We present a clinical case where the management of pregnant patient was not careful, which led to overdose and iatrogenic hypercortisolism.Clinical case: Pregnant woman, 29years old, asked s...

Background: Pheochromocytoma (Ph) is the tumor that is fatal if do not suspect and treat it on time. It is supposed that size of tumor is correlated with its synthetic activity. Here we present a clinical case of giant Ph with low synthetic activity that could have been recognized as adrenal cancer, which, in turn, may have led to wrong treatment.Clinical case: Young woman, 28 years old, presented with the adrenal incidentaloma. She had not any complaint...